We present a new algorithm for identifying superbubbles in HI column density maps of both observed and simulated galaxies that has only two adjustable parameters. The algorithm includes an automated galaxy-background separation step to focus the analysis on the galactic disk. To test the algorithm, we compare the superbubbles it finds in a simulated galactic disk with the ones it finds in 21~cm observations of a similar galactic disk. The sizes and radial distribution of those superbubbles are indeed qualitatively similar. However, superbubbles in the simulated galactic disk have lower central H~I column densities. The H~I superbubbles in the simulated disk are spatially associated with pockets of hot gas. We conclude that the algorithm is a promising method for systematically identifying and characterizing superbubbles using only HI column density maps that will enable standardized tests of stellar feedback models used in galaxy simulations.